Cardiopulmonary exercise testing and the 2022 definition of pulmonary hypertension

Current in vivo imaging techniques for cardiopulmonary vascular evaluation in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats face limitations, including structural disruption, inadequate contrast filling, and invasiveness. This study developed a reliable, minimally invasive computed tomography angiography (CTA) technique via jugular vein catheterization for enhanced cardiopulmonary vascular imaging in live SD rats. 

Although current guidelines recommend standard cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) to evaluate symptomatic patients after pulmonary embolism (PE), CPET with simultaneous echocardiography could provide relevant information to evaluate right ventricular–pulmonary arterial coupling.

Recent reports have revealed a substantial morbidity burden associated with “post-PE syndrome” (PPES). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has shown promise in better characterizing these patients.

Children with pulmonary hypertension (PH) often demonstrate limited exercise capacity. Data support exercise as an effective nonpharmacologic intervention among adults with PH.