Role of TBX4 in neonatal and pediatric developmental lung disease

Pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) can present with a wide spectrum of disease severity. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) crises can lead to acute decompensation requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support, including extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (eCPR).

Therapeutic exercise has not been widely adopted in pediatric pulmonary hypertension (PH), despite adult data supporting its safety and efficacy. While physical limitations may prevent children with PH from participating in physical activity, other barriers to and facilitators of physical activity are unknown. 

One of the great diagnostic challenges for children with pulmonary arterial hypertension is the need for general anesthesia (GA) to enable successful right heart catheterization.

Surgical indications for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and congenital heart defects are controversial. The treat and repair strategy has demonstrated efficacy in adult populations...